Buckeye, Red

Red Buckeye (Aesculus pavia)

Red Buckeye is a stunning, small deciduous tree or large shrub known for its vibrant red, tubular flowers that attract hummingbirds in early spring. Native to the southeastern United States, this understory tree thrives in moist, well-drained soils and partial shade, making it an excellent choice for woodland gardens, pollinator plantings, and streambank restoration. Its palmate leaves may drop early, so combine it with plants that maintain later-season interest. The seeds are poisonous if eaten by people, pets, or livestock.

Key Characteristics

Early-Season Nectar for Hummingbirds
One of the first trees to bloom in spring (March-May), Red Buckeye produces striking red flower clusters that are a magnet for returning hummingbirds. Bees and butterflies also visit the flowers, making it an excellent addition to pollinator-friendly landscapes.

Wildlife & Ecological Role
While the nuts (buckeyes) are toxic to humans and livestock, squirrels and some other wildlife species feed on them. The tree's dense, shrubby growth provides shelter for birds and small mammals.

Understory & Woodland Garden Use
Thriving in dappled sunlight, Red Buckeye is perfect for woodland edges, shady garden beds, and streambank plantings. It works well in naturalized settings and permaculture designs where seasonal nectar sources are needed.

Low Maintenance & Adaptable
Tolerant of a range of soil conditions, Red Buckeye prefers moist, well-drained soil but can adapt to drier sites once established. It resists deer browsing due to its toxic foliage, making it a great choice for low-maintenance landscapes.

Product Details

• Native range of species: Central and southeastern United States.
• Plant Life Cycle: Deciduous Tree/Shrub
• Sun Requirements: Partial Shade to Full Sun
• Soil Requirements: Medium to Medium-Wet, Well-Drained
• Mature Height: 15-25 ft
• Bloom Time: March-May
• Bloom Color: Red
• USDA Hardiness Zones: 4-8

With its brilliant red flowers and value to early-season pollinators, Red Buckeye is a standout choice for woodland gardens and wildlife-friendly landscapes. Its adaptability, low maintenance needs, and striking seasonal interest make it an excellent native plant for diverse settings.